Prevalence and clinical presentation of molar incisor hypomineralisation among a population of children in the community of Madrid.

OBJECTIVE: The main objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH), an alteration of tooth enamel with an estimated worldwide prevalence rate of 14%, among children using primary care services in the Community of Madrid, Spain. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a descriptive, cross-sectional and multicentre study. After calibrating all researchers and following the diagnostic criteria of the European Academy of Paediatric Dentistry (EAPD), children aged between 8 and 16 years who were users of the dental services at 8 primary oral health units of the Madrid Health Service (SERMAS) were included. The children underwent a dental examination, and the parents were asked to complete a questionnaire. RESULTS: The prevalence of MIH was 28.63% (CI: 24.61-32.65%). The age cohorts most affected by MIH were 8 years (21.4%) and 11 years (20.7%). The presence of MIH was greater among girls (85; 60.71%) than among boys (55; 39.28%). The mean number of affected teeth per patient was 4.46 ± 2.8. The most frequently affected molar was the upper right first molar (74.3%), and the upper left central incisor was the most affected incisor (37.85%). Opacities were the defects most frequently recorded (63.57%). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of MIH in this study is the highest of all relevant studies conducted in Spain.

Importance of Desensitization for Autistic Children in Dental Practice.

OBJECTIVES: Dental treatment in special needs patients, including children with autism, can be accomplished by reducing the behaviors that can reduce fear, as it has been demonstrated in other studies. The present study aims to examine the influence of the latency time elapsing between desensitization and the real dental situation on facilitating the access of children with autism to dental treatment. STUDY DESIGN: Nineteen patients with autism, who were aged 3-14 years and attended the Special Education Center in Madrid but were living with their parents at home, were selected for the study. All children in the sample were subjected to a desensitization process before attending the real dental office. Two study groups were established: the latency period between the last desensitization and the real situation was one day for the first group and seven days for the second group. An experimental study was conducted to assess the child's cooperation in the dental chair; the dental examination was divided into several steps and the highest step reached by each child was recorded. RESULTS: There is a statistical difference in the number of steps reached between the children who received the information just before the examination date and the children who experienced a longer latency period between receiving the information and experiencing the examination. CONCLUSIONS: We would like to emphasize the importance of providing information in advance when dealing with autistic children; this information should be as close as possible to the real situation. Additionally, we would like to stress the importance of inter-cooperation between parents, educators, and pediatric dentists in order to guarantee adequate oro-dental care for autistic children. Further studies with larger sample sizes and a control group are recommended.

Anomalías dentarias de unión: A propósito de un caso y posibilidades de tratamiento / Union dental anomalies: a case report and treatment possibilities

El objetivo del presente artículo es describir las anomalías de unión, y para ello presentamos un raro caso de fusión - geminación y sus consecuencias tanto a nivel estético, pulpar así como las posibilidades de tratamiento

The aim of this article is to discuss the union anomalies and we present a rare case of a fusion - germination, the consequences in the aesthetic level as pulp level and treatment possibilities

Revascularización con pasta tri-antibiótica. Revisión bibliográfica / Revascularization with tri-antibiotic paste. Literature review

Se presenta una revisión bibliográfica sobra la revascularización con pasta tri-antibiótica. Se analizan los diferentes protocolos y los resultados obtenidos en la literatura, comparándolos y eligiendo los materiales y protocolos más actuales. Definimos un protocolo de actuación frente al tratamiento de dientes inmaduros no vitales. Se comparan la apexificación con la revascularización, definiendo las ventajas y las desventajas de ambos tratamientos (AU)

We are presenting a bibliografic review about tri-antibiotic revascularization. We have analized different protocols and results in the literature, comparing them and chosing the best and the newest tecniques, and finally we defined an ultimate treatment of necrotic immature teeth. We compared apexification and revascularization, stating their advantages and disadvantages of both treatments (AU)

Oral health status of a population with multiple sclerosis

Objective: To determine the oral treatment needs of a sample of patients diagnosed with multiple sclerosis in the Community of Madrid (Spain).Patients and methods: A cross-sectional epidemiological study was carried out with a sample of 64 patients who were aged 25 to 77 years. They were distributed into homogeneous age groups: < 46 years, 46-54 years and > 54years. In order to evaluate the oral health status and treatment requirements, the parameters and guidelines of the WHO were used. Results: The prevalence of caries was 100%, or very close in all three groups. As age increased, the morbidity rate decreased, but the mortality rate increased considerably. On analyzing gingival health, 65% of patients had calculus, 5% bleeding and 30% were healthy. Conclusions: The DMFT index found provided data that was, in general, very similar to that of the general population in Spain. However, the gingival health status found demonstrated that the population of multiple sclerosis patients requires specific assistance (AU)